Matt Gallagher: Cocoa with Love

Articles about Swift, Cocoa, software design and programming.

June 8, 2026

Training an LLM in Swift, Part 2: macOS built-in frameworks

Covering the Accelerate, BNNS, CoreML and MPS implementations in macOS.

In this article, I’m going to look at some of the frameworks that are built into macOS for numerical algorithms. Fitting with the theme of this series, I’ll mostly be looking at frameworks that can also train an ML model. But there’s a lot of different approaches – Accelerate (BLAS), BNNS, CoreML, MPSGraph – and the real challenge is knowing which one to use …

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